Floating point IEEE754 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Coasting point IEEE754 - Coursework Example This implies it can â€Å"float†. The point wherein the extreme point is found is demonstrated in the inward portrayal. There are different sorts of coasting portrayal however the most well-known one is that of IEEE754. In a genuine PC, the portrayal of skimming point numbers is through the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers 754 (IEEE †754) gliding point number configuration. The highlights of this number arrangement are that it utilizes 32 bits (single accuracy), the number y is spoken to as ?x(1.a1a2†¦..a23).2e, where y speaks to the number, regardless of whether positive or negative, ai is the mantissa sections and can just go up to 23, that is, i=1†¦.23. e is the example. There is a need to take note of the 1 that is given before the decimal (radix) point. This point speaks to the indication of the number that is being spoken to. 0 is a portrayal of a positive number while 1 is a portrayal of the negative number. The following eight bits shapes the types. In this portrayal, there is no different piece in the portrayal. The indication of the genuine type is typically dealt with by adding 127 to real type. A model is on the off chance that the genuine number worth is 6, at that point there will be an expansion of 127, making it 133, that is 127 + 6. The explanation with respect to why 127 is included is on the grounds that in eight piece number portrayal, the greatest number that can be spoken to is (11111111)2 which is 255. Half of 255 is 127. This implies negative examples of 127 can be spoken to and simultaneously positive types of 127 can be spoken to. With this portrayal, the type will be spoken to as - 127=128. The PC can likewise speak to the numbers utilizing another strategy other than the one expressed in the section above. In such manner, the PC can utilize eight bits for the example, holding 1 piece for the indication of the type. For this situation, the biggest piece utilized for portrayal would be 127. By bias ing the portrayal of the example the occurrences of getting a negative zero is kept away from and furthermore a positive zero. The impacts of both are the equivalent. The real scope of example in IEEE group isn't 0 to 255 however 0 to 254. For this situation at that point, the example has a scope of - 126127. For this situation, - 127 and 128 are utilized for different purposes. On the off chance that e=128 and al the estimations of the mantissa are zeros, at that point the number is +-?. The endlessness bit is represented by the number before it. In the event that e=128 and all the sections of the mantissa are not zeros, it will imply that the genuine number that is being spoken to is certainly not a number (NaN). On account of the number that is at the lead in the gliding number portrayal, the zero worth can't be accurately introduced. This is the explanation concerning why the number zero is spoken to utilizing - 127 and all the sections of the mantissa are zero. The following bi ts, 23 in number, are utilized to speak to the mantissa (Brewe 73) Representing twofold exactness numbers (64-piece) In twofold accuracy group, genuine numbers are spoken to in 64 bits. In this configuration, the PC utilizes the first piece as a sign piece. The following 11 bits are utilized to speak to the type. The remainder of the bits, which are 52 are utilized to speak to the mantissa (Brewe 74). The way toward changing over a decimal number to IEEE754 organization will experience a few stages. The initial step is to check the indication of the number. On the off chance that it is negative, at that point the sign will

Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 48

Outline - Essay Example The importance of this article could be investigated from the potential traps that the unexamined reception of mechanical advancements may bring to the corporate world and some other complex association. While contending for the collaborations, which coordinated frameworks have brought to offer and complex associations, the creator stirs the corporate world to the probability of similar frameworks to confer extraordinary difficulties that may block the presentation of the organizations. The article sounds as a preventative suggestion to firms on the different specialized and operational issues that must be placed into thought before embracing the incorporated frameworks. As a proviso, the article places into subtleties issues of similarity and security matters that must be considered before drawing in the administrations of coordinated frameworks. This article is clever to administrators as a warning piece in regards to the degree to which they may grasp innovative frameworks inside their associations. By perusing this article, directors can settle on insightful and cognizant choices, which may incorporate the improvement of suitable emotionally supportive networks that may shield their associations from the dangers and difficulties that are depicted by the writer. The article may likewise be utilized as a guide on the decisions of the most appropriate Enterprise framework with explicit spotlight on their degrees of similarity with the

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety Depression Treatment Print Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety CBT is a Great Option if Youre Struggling with Depression or Anxiety By Leonard Holmes Updated on February 03, 2020 Depression Overview Types Symptoms Causes & Risk Factors Diagnosis Treatment Coping ADA & Your Rights Depression in Kids Seb Oliver/Getty Images There are many different approaches to psychotherapy. Some therapists identify with a particular approach or  orientation while others draw from a variety of different approaches. Cognitive-behavioral therapy  (CBT)  is one specific orientation of psychotherapy that seeks to help people change how they think.?? Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Cognitive-behavioral therapy is based on cognitive theory and was developed by Aaron Beck  for anxiety and depression.??? CBT  is a blend of cognitive and behavioral therapies that ?help patients tune into their internal dialogue in order to change maladaptive thinking patterns. Beck developed specific procedures to help challenge a depressive clients assumptions and beliefs and help patients learn how to change their thinking to be more realistic and thus lead to feeling better. There is also an emphasis on problem-solving and changing behaviors and clients are encouraged to take an active role in their therapy. Other Types of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy One type of CBT is rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT), which was developed by Albert Ellis. Ellis considers strong emotions to result from an interaction between events in the environment and our beliefs and expectations. Some of these beliefs can be too strong or rigid. For example, maintaining a belief that everyone should like you. With REBT, you would learn to change that belief so that it is less extreme and less likely to interfere with your life. Your belief could then change to wanting people to like you  but realizing that not everyone will. Another form of CBT is dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), which was developed by Marsha Linehan primarily to be used for patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD).??? DBT emphasizes working on accepting thoughts and feelings instead of trying to fight them. The goal is to get patients to accept their thoughts and feelings so that they can eventually change them. Exposure and response prevention therapy (ERP) is yet another type of CBT that is usually used for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). In this therapy, patients are exposed to the situations or objects that cause them the most fear (obsessions)  but are not able to engage in the behaviors that help relieve the anxiety they feel (compulsions). For example, if you are afraid of germs, during ERP, your therapist might have you touch money and then not wash your hands for a specific amount of time. Practicing this over and over helps you gain confidence in dealing with the accompanying anxiety and can greatly help relieve symptoms of OCD with repeated exposure.   Does CBT Work for Depression? It has been difficult to research the effectiveness of psychotherapy  since the term can refer to so many different activities. Cognitive-behavioral therapy, however, lends itself well to research and has been scientifically proven to be effective in treating symptoms of depression?? and anxiety. It tends to be short- to moderate-term, in contrast to some other orientations because of its focus on the present, as well as on problem-solving. Its mission to educate the patient to learn to become their own therapist also makes it a long-term treatment. Medications or Psychotherapy? Depression and anxiety can be treated with medications, psychotherapy?? or both. Some research has shown that the combination of medications and therapy can be particularly effective.   Insurance companies sometimes encourage family doctors to prescribe medications rather than refer to a mental health professional for psychotherapy. There are times when this may be appropriate, but there are other times when psychotherapy is clearly indicated. If you are taking an antidepressant or an anxiety medication and you believe that part of the problem is not being addressed, consider seeking help from a mental health professional. The 7 Best Online Anxiety Support Groups

Design And Load Analysis Of Storage Bins - 1638 Words

[C.E.2.1] INTRODUCTION: Project Title : Design and Load Analysis of Storage Bins Using CREO 2.0 and CATIA V5 R18 Software. Duration of Project: March 2010 to May 2010 Organization : Swinburne University of Technology (SUT), Melbourne. Position : Team Leader Location : Industrial research institute, Swinburne University of technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia [C.E.2.2] OVERVIEW: A project titled â€Å"Design and load analysis of storage bins using CREO 2.0 and CATIA V5 R18 software†. I carried out this project in order to fulfill the requirements for my first semester study during my Masters Degree. In this project a sheet metal component was designed and load analysis carried out using CATIA V5 R18. I selected a sheet metal storage bin†¦show more content†¦These results are from guidelines for the design and manufacturing department from Swinburne University of Technology. From this data designers could redesign or rework the component for better efficiency and better aesthetics. In this project I designed the component in CREO 2.0 and the model was then exported to an IGES format. The IGES file was then exported to CATIA V5 for further analysis. This helped me to determine the ideal combination of the part’s geometry design, material used, and ideal load conditions that would produce quality storage bins with the sheetmetal process. [C.E.2.4] ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE This project was carried out at the Faculty of Engineering and Research, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. I was guided by the CAD/CAM laboratory faculty at the University for this Project. The organization structure of the project is as follows: Prof. Syed Masood (Course Coordinator, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Sciences) Prof. Romesh (Project Supervisor) Tim Barry (Research Fellow, Laboratory In Charge) SaiNarasimha Rao Maddali (Team Leader) Sajjie c.Joseph (Team Member) [C.E.2.5] COURSE OF ACTION: In this project I designed a sheetmetal component and static and thermal analysis using CATIA V5 was performed. The component selected for this project was a Sheet Metal storage bin. The steps carried out

Immigration As An Ethical Issue - 1148 Words

IMMIGRATION AS AN ETHICAL ISSUE 2 Immigration as an ethical dilemma has attracted decades of debate. It is an ethical issue that has not found a solution, and it does not appear that it will find one soon. Immigration debates may look interesting but the two antagonistic groups: those who support immigrant and those who oppose them seem to score equally with no solution (Kourtsounis, 2014). The groups that oppose immigration have strongly accused the government for allowing its borders to remain porous to illegal guests. These groups have strongly indicated that, both legal and illegal immigrants are a threat to American citizens. On the other hand, even though there is no one who is advocating for immigration directly, the groups that support immigration urge the Federal and local governments to develop policies that will legalize refugees who are already seeking American residents. These groups dwell on the fact that immigrants are also human beings and that they are possibly looking to the Unites States in search for a safe haven. They also emphasize that Americans have a sense of obligation through their humanitarian philosophy, and so they cannot afford to lock them out, nor can they afford to send back illegal children who are looking for safer place to live. Debaters in this ethical dilemma both have genuine reasons why they support or oppose immigration. At the heart of immigration debate are the groups that oppose legal and illegal migration (Kourtsounis, 2014).Show MoreRelatedEssay on Ethical Issues on Immigration2720 Words   |  11 PagesEthical Issues on Immigration There are many issues in the United States. Some of them are more distraught than others. One issue that has recently had a lot of controversy would be immigration laws. Should we put a stop to immigrants coming over United States boarders? Should the immigrants already in the U.S.A. be allowed to stay? These are some questions being asked by today’s society. Immigrants are not all bad; some are very useful to the United States. In society today, it is easy for someRead MoreThe Ethical Theory Of The Election Of 20161268 Words   |  6 Pageselection held an uncanny resemblance to elections of past years in the United States. The ethical and moral issues voters frequently take into account are as follows: race, culture, immigration and populism. Many ethical theories play into elections, on both the sides of the voters as well as the candidates. The â€Å"ethical theory† described is an approach or belief based off one’s own morals or values. The ethical theory of Utilitarianism is often used in the decision making on both the voters’ partRead MoreEssay on Case17 Businesss Hire818 Words   |  4 PagesCase 17: Should Business Hire Illegal Immigrants? pp. 833-836 (textbook) 1. What are the ethical issues in this case? Just by entering the country illegal aliens are committing an unethical act; Breaking the laws of our Country. Two the employers who are hiring them are unethical and amoral. Knowingly violating the laws and operating at their best interests instead of the social norms. Come-on how hard is it to ask for a proof of citizenship? Around the world, governments have historicallyRead MoreThe Government Must Solve The Immigration Crisis1664 Words   |  7 PagesIt is time for the U.S. government to resolve the immigration crisis, which has not only become an ethical dilemma, but also an economic setback. Finding a solution doesn’t mean drawing up a quick law or rule that will slow down the crisis, we must tackle this dilemma head on ethically in a way that is acceptable for both the government and the public. The rule of law and compassion are intertwined when discussing immigration. 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Garza is an excellent and talented worker, and supervisors have taken notice in her skills. A human resource specialist named Sara Jones, mislead Garza in thinking she would unquestionably obtain a permanent job position at the plant, causing Garza to turn downRead MoreHow Do The Author Characterize The Thinking Like A Historian1323 Words   |  6 Pagesthe American people could have had an effect on the president’s lack of action. Wyman’s suggested the â€Å"anti-Semitism† and the â€Å"anti-immigration† for being an influence on the nation. Breitman and Lichtman also mentioned that the anti-Semitism could have provided the president with â€Å"backlash at home.† Many Americans were still against immigration due to their issues in the past. The thought of Jews seeking shelter inside the United States upset many. Americans began thinking that the fleeing JewsRead MoreTopic Two : Ethics And Immigration1255 Words   |  6 Pages2/24/16 Topic Two: Ethics and Immigration Without some sort of global government regime, the problems that plague nations around the world are dealt with based on how their nations sees fit, or how their government is structured. One of the main ethical issues that our world is facing is the issue of immigration, both legal and illegal. Each nation has a different policy, thus allowing issues of morality to be questioned on an international scale when dealing with immigration. Through careful considerationRead MoreIs Bernie Sanders Proven Himself A Champion Of The Middle Class?987 Words   |  4 Pageshis beliefs in a bigger, better future for America. Along the lines of immigration, Senator Sanders believes very much so in creating a smoother pathway to citizenship for working immigrants and their family members. Along with paving this pathway to citizenship, which will be accomplished by the expansion of current immigration policies, Sanders also wishes to regulate the flow of future immigrants by promoting the ethical treatment of immigrant family members and minority groups as well as enhanceRead MoreImmigration Policies Contain Many Flaws1167 Words   |  5 PagesNovember 2014 â€Å"Immigration† Synthesis Essay Immigration policies contain many flaws. However, they only have been implement recently in our country. In order to improve them, what ethical measures do we need to take, especially to keep terrorists from entering the U.S without harassing regular or innocent travelers? In order to solve those problematic laws and regulations, the U.S government needs to enforce more rigorous laws while keeping their treatment to the general travelers ethical. Despite the

Debt Policy and Value Free Essays

EMBA 8500 #1 Book value of debt Book value of equity Market value of debt Market value of equity Pretax cost of debt After Tax cost of debt rd Market value weights of: Wd Debt We Equity bL Levered beta Rf Risk-free Rate Market Premium RM Ke Cost of equity WACC EBIT – Taxes (34%) EBIAT + Depreciation – Capital expense Change in Net Working Capital Free Cash Flow Value of Assets ( FCF/WACC) CASE # 31 0% Debt 100% Equity $ $ 20,000 $ $ 20,000 7. 0% 4. 62% $ 34% $ $ $ $ $ $ 0 1 0. We will write a custom essay sample on Debt Policy and Value or any similar topic only for you Order Now 8 7% 8. 6% 13. 88% 13. 88% 4,206. 00 1,430. 04 2,775. 96 1,000. 00 (1,000. 00) 0 2,775. 96 19,999. 1 25% Debt 75% Equity $ 5,000 $ 15,000 $ 5,000 $ 16,700 7. 0% 4. 62% 12/2/2012 50% Debt 1) As the firm becomes more leveraged the WACC will change because debtholders have a 50% Equity fixed claim on cash which increases the risk for stockholders. This can cause the stock to go up $ 10,000 and firms can reduce the taxes paid, thereby freeing up more cash. Debt also increases the risk $ 10,000 of bankruptcy. $ 10,000 $ 13,400 (Debt * Tax Rate) + BV Equity 7. 0% 4. 62% (Pretax * (1-Tax Rate)) 23. 0% 42. 7% 77. 0% 57. 3% 0. 96 1. 19 7% 7% 8. 6% 8. 6% 15. 24% 17. 27% 12. 79% 11. 6% $ 4,206. 00 $ 4,206. 00 $ 1,430. 04 $ 1,430. 04 $ 2,775. 96 $ 2,775. 96 $ 1,000. 00 $ 1,000. 00 $ (1,000. 00) $ (1,000. 00) 0 0 $ 2,775. 96 $ 2,775. 96 $ 21,699. 69 $ 23,399. 66 Added Tax Shield increase value VL = VU + TD MV Debt / (MV Debt + MV Equity) MV Equity / (MV Debt + MV Equity) 0. 8 is the b u b L = b u [1+(1-T) * D/E HAMADA D/E Ratio 29. 94% 74. 63% Ke = Rf + (b L * RM) CAPM WACC = (Wd * rd) + (We * re) EBIT * Tax Rate EBIT – Tax amount V = FCF/WACC M3DISK – Maryann Albert, Mike Arendosh, Mark Jarboe, Dan Pool, Ivo Hegelbach, Sean McPherson, Krista Massell 1 How to cite Debt Policy and Value, Essay examples

Power Equipment Engine Technology

Questions: Task 1 E-business has introduced new opportunities for small and large organisations to compete in the global marketplace. Discuss the global impact of e-Commerce on society: Online sales, Communication with customers, Greater choices, lower prices, Global markets and online advertising. [P2.2] Task 2 Case Study: Utility Utility firm, Npower, is to face an investigation by the energy regulator, Ofgem, over allegations about sales tactics. Following an undercover investigation by the Sunday Times, it is alleged that some door-to-door sales staff in London misled potential customers. Householders thought they are asking for more information about changing power suppliers when in fact the sales staff were switching them without their consent from their existing suppliers to Npower. The company issued a statement in which it said: Npower management will of course co-operate fully with Ofgem in its investigation. We were very concerned at the actions of a small number of individuals in a London sales team as reported in the Sunday Times. We took swift action to take the team off the road and investigate the problem. Following an in-depth investigation by our audit team, disciplinary hearing will be schedules shortly. We cannot prejudge the outcome of these meetings but the penalty for fraudulent activity is dismissal. We have also taken steps to confirm that the systems in place currently are working effectively and we taken the entire Npower sales force off the road to reinforce the standards that we require. Where appropriate we have introduced additional procedures to ensure we operate to the highest standards across all our sales teams. Adam Scorer of consumer watching Energywatch said: More than 100 consumers contact us each month complain about Npowers marketing tactics. No consumer should be subjected to such bully boy bahaviour and such poor service. An Ofgem spokesperson said it had the power to fine Npower up to ten per cent of its global income if it upheld the allegations. In the last case of mis-selling in 2002, Ofgem fined London Electricity, now part of EDF, 2 million. a- Explain, using the data, why regulators are needed in industries such as power and telecommunications. b- Discuss whether the actions of regulators like Ofgem are likely to make markets more competitive and improve consumer choice. Answers: Global impact of e-Commerce on society E-commerce has had a great impact on the society over the past few years. These impacts include both positive and negative effects on the business on a global scale as well as on the consumers. The traditional bricks and mortar method had some serious drawbacks that the introduction of e-commerce helps to overcome (Zhong, 2013). Online sales E-commerce has given the consumers the opportunity to go online and choose from a large variety of products. Moreover the products are available online 24 hours and the customer is able to order a large number of items at a go with just a click. Previously, the aged and disabled customers had trouble whenever they wanted to shop from a store located in some distant place. But now the items are delivered directly to the customers home without the need to be physically present in the store in order to shop (Abdo, 2011). This method saves lot of time for both the business and the consumers. Another positive aspect brought to light by e-commerce is: the customers are able to view in advance the rating and feedbacks about the quality and value of certain product given by previous customers who bought the same product before. But when there are so many facilities and advantages of carrying out online sales through the use of e-commerce, there has to be certain negative aspects of it. There are chances of leakage of confidential information that belong to the customers such as bank account number, credit card number etc (Krishna Gopal Gokhle and Taehwang Kim, 2013). A number of frauds and hackers can hack in to customer accounts to steal such valuable information or jeopardise a transaction. Other drawbacks include, existence of wrong information in the particular website of an online store, handling and managing customer complaints etc. With these threats included, e-commerce also brings a large amount of positive impacts on the business and the consumers which in turn bring positive changes in society (Liang and Turban, 2011). Communication with customers Another aspect of online purchasing is that, the customers do not get a chance to be face-to face with the sales representatives while buying a product. This often turns certain customers away from making a decision to shop online. It is true especially for the older generation of people who are not so used-to with the internet and digital world. Shopping online also takes away the facility to try, touch or feel a product before making a decision to buy it. Moreover, if a particular product does not suit the needs of the customer and he or she wants to return it, there are not much scope to communicate with a representative about it directly (Mohanapriya.T, 2011). On the contrary, the reviews and comments from the past customers help making decisions. Generally it has been seen that the younger and more digital or technology-savvy people uses the internet and web to make orders and purchase products online as they are not much dependent on face-to-face communication and it saves cert ain amount of time for the busy people. Greater choices, lower prices E-commerce introduces a global market place where buyers can choose from a wide range and variety of products. By online web access consumers are now able to view and choose items in a national and international scale buy large items with just a click and add to their carts without worrying about overflowing the items. Additionally, in online shopping sites often times there are discounts and free deliveries going on based on some specific terms and conditions. There are products available online in cheaper prices than traditional markets (Soopramanien, 2010). The payment method has become much easier, simpler, convenient and fast. Lot of payment options are available such as debit cards, credit cards, PayPal, cash on delivery etc. There are schemes for customer loyalty where they give products in lower prices to the consistent and trusted customers. News about new and special offers going on in a store are also communicated to the customers regularly through emails and text messages. It encourages the customers to spend certain amount and indulge in online shopping. Global markets and online advertising E-commerce enables people to buy products from a global marketplace. The international shopping sites sell products which are available everywhere around the world. The business of import and export is established with international traders (Zhong, 2013). Thus the customers have the facilities of choosing new products from international marketplace. Online advertising is a brilliant approach and becoming more and more successful these days. Publishing ads in websites using banners, videos etc have become common for almost all the e-commerce sites. It can target customers and influence them to visit their websites. Business can allow other companies to publish ads which in turn earn revenues to the business. Case study: Need of regulators in power and telecommunications industry The main objective of regulators in telecom and power sectors is to protect public interest and ensure a legal electricity policy (Qinghe, 2013). Regulator is needed to manage the emerging risks and help promote an energy secure power service sector. They design the electricity tariff plans for the customers. Regulatory works are to co-ordinate with the operator and other standard bodies to develop and enforce a safe and properly executing power system. Regulators take care of the technical safety, system reliability. Expanding access to the underprivileged customers, improve monitoring is also a mandatory job for regulators (Mohanapriya.T, 2011). Thus in order to run a power sector successfully employing regulators is compulsory as regulators help to take up and handle the challenges regarding regulation of tariffs, compliance and consumer service. The need to have an independent regulatory body in industries like telecommunications and power sector is greatly felt with the emerging incidents and risks such as the one regarding Npower mentioned in the case study. To manage the telecom or power service, settling any dispute, avoid market failure or foster effective competition it is mandatory to follow the guidelines and have the presence of a regulatory body (Liang and Turban, 2011). Effects of the regulatory actions taken by Ofgem Ofgem fined Npower up to 10% of its global income. The overall objective of the regulators such as Ofgem includes fostering effective competition in the market by enforcing the standards and rules which were required (Soopramanien, 2010). The tariff is decided by the regulator in a competitive basis as and when the regulator will decide to introduce competition. Thus it will naturally make markets more competitive with the help of regulator as it has the responsibility of promoting competition and efficiency in the power industry. The actions taken by Ofgem will necessarily improve and influence the consumers choice as it was based on the consumers interest. It deals with the compliance and improving the operation of monitoring and customer service. The objective was to provide electricity or power at reasonable and justifiable rates. Reference List Abdo, E. (2011). Power equipment engine technology. Clifton Park, NY: Delmar/Cengage Learning. Krishna Gopal Gokhle, and Taehwang Kim, (2013). Impacts of Economic Reforms on Small - Scale Industries in India. thejournalofinternationaltradecommerce, 9(5), pp.143-168. Liang, T. and Turban, E. (2011). Introduction to the Special Issue Social Commerce: A Research Framework for Social Commerce. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 16(2), pp.5-14. Mohanapriya.T, M. (2011). A Feasibility Study on Online Sales of Two Wheeler Among Retailers with Special Reference to Chennai. IJAR, 3(6), pp.330-332. Soopramanien, D. (2010). Conflicting attitudes and scepticism towards online shopping: the role of experience. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 35(3), pp.338-347. Zhong, W. (2013). The Analysis of Mobile Internet Impacts on Electronic Commerce System Construction. AMR, 765-767, pp.1349-1354. Qinghe, Y. (2013). The online shopping change the retail business model: A survey of the people use online shopping in China. IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 15(5), pp.77-110.